Disfunción de implante coclear secundario a resonancia magnética: reporte de caso del Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitación "Luis Guillermo Ibarra Ibarra"

Resumen

Complication rates associated with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in patients with cochlear implants (CI) vary significantly in the literature, ranging from 0% to 29.6%, depending on the type of CI. One reported issue is the dislocation of the internal magnet due to the MRI, which requires immediate attention to prevent severe complications such as magnet extrusion, which could lead to infections and eventual loss of the implant.
We present the case of a 21-year-old female patient with congenital bilateral sensorineural hearing loss, who underwent surgery for a right cochlear implant at 19 months of age. She had no relevant medical history. After undergoing the MRI, the patient experienced demagnetization of the receiver/stimulator and loss of implant function, prompting her to seek medical consultation. No significant findings were recognized upon physical examination. A skull X-ray was performed, which showed the correct position of the electrodes within the cochlea, the stimulator/receiver, and the magnet, as well as a reference electrode located in the parietal region. Surgical intervention was decided which successfully restored the functionality of the CI.
It is crucial for patients with CI to have clear indications for undergoing an MRI and to strictly stick to established safety protocols. Follow-up after the MRI is recommended to detect any potential magnet dislocation. This case report highlights the importance of informing patients about the associated risks of these procedures.