El papel de la actividad física en la depresión en pacientes con enfermedad de Parkinson
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.35366/107512Palabras clave:
enfermedad de Parkinson, depresión, actividad física, salud menta, ganglios basalesResumen
La depresión se presenta muy frecuentemente en pacientes con enfermedad de Parkinson (EP), afectando a aproximadamente 50% de ellos. En la actualidad, el tratamiento de este trastorno se basa en la administración de antidepresivos inhibidores selectivos de la recaptura de serotonina. Sin embargo, estos fármacos a menudo pueden llevar a numerosos efectos colaterales que deterioran la calidad de vida de los pacientes. Por lo tanto, es necesario identificar otros tratamientos eficaces y seguros. Existe evidencia de que la práctica de ejercicios físicos reduce la inflamación, mejora el flujo sanguíneo cerebral, aumenta la producción de factores neurotróficos e incrementa el volumen de áreas cerebrales relacionadas con la memoria y la función cognitiva, mejorando el estado de ánimo y algunos aspectos mentales; lo cual puede contrarrestar las alteraciones cerebrales asociadas a trastornos neurodegenerativos y depresión. Bajo esta premisa, se han realizado algunos estudios para determinar si dichos ejercicios pueden mejorar la salud mental en personas
con EP. Particularmente, algunas investigaciones han propuesto ejercicios de resistencia, ejercicios aeróbicos, yoga, baile, enfoques basados en realidad virtual y ejercicios llevados a cabo a través de videojuegos para aminorar los niveles de depresión en dichos pacientes. Por lo tanto, cada vez hay más evidencias que respaldan la utilidad de realizar ejercicios físicos para el tratamiento de la depresión en estos pacientes. El objetivo del presente artículo es presentar evidencia en la literatura internacional para resaltar el potencial terapéutico de efectuar actividad física en el manejo de la depresión en pacientes con EP.
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Derechos de autor 2022 Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitación Luis Guillermo Ibarra Ibarra
Esta obra está bajo una licencia internacional Creative Commons Atribución 4.0.
© Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitación Luis Guillermo Ibarra Ibarra under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) license which allows to reproduce and modify the content if appropiate recognition to the original source is given.
