Risk factors associated with central auditory processing disorder
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.35366/105478Keywords:
Central auditory process disorder, perinatal risk factors, socio-family risk factorsAbstract
Introduction: There are neurological, auditory and visual sensory risk factors as well as socio-family
risk factors that may be present before pregnancy, during pregnancy, and after the child’s gestation
that can produce alterations in their neurodevelopment, however there are few. Reports of these
risks associated with central auditory processing disorder (CAPD). The objective of this study was
to describe and compare the frequency of these factors in schoolchildren with and without CAPD.
Material and methods: Observational, comparative, non-experimental cross-sectional study that
consisted of studying a voluntary sample of mothers of schoolchildren grouped with and without CAPD
between March and November 2019, to describe the biological and socio-family risks before, during
and after pregnancy. Comparing them in children with and without CAPD, using χ2 of homogeneity
(comparison), χ2 of independence (association) and Cohen’s kappa strength of association. After
signing informed consent, a structured interview conducted with the parents and a battery of
psychoacoustic tests applied to evaluate central auditory processes in the children. Results: A
group of 44 cases and another of 40 controls were studied, five prenatal, eight perinatal and seven
socio-family risk factors were identified. Associated with CAPD, threatened abortion, pre-eclampsia
and eclampsia, hyperbilirubinemia, unplanned pregnancy and domestic violence. Conclusions:
Even when there is evidence of risk factors associated with CAPD, those identified here be taken
into account as a history in schoolchildren with clinical manifestations compatible with this disorder.
References
Working Group on Auditory Processing Disorders. (Central)
Auditory Processing Disorders. American Speech-
Language-Hearing Association. Available in: http://www.
asha.org/members/deskref-journals/deskref/default
Schow RL, Chermak G. Implications from factor
analysis for central auditory processing disorders. Am
J Audiol. 1999; 8: 137-142. Available in: https://doi.
org/10.1044/1059-0889(1999/012)
DeBonis DA, Moncrieff D. Auditory processing disorders:
an update for speech-language pathologists. Am J
Speech Lang Pathol. 2008; 17: 4-18. doi: 10.1044/1058-
(2008/002).
Musiek FE, Gollegly KM, Lamb LE, Lamb P. Selected
issues in screening for central auditory processing
dysfunction. Semin Hear. 1990; 11: 372-384.
Zenker Castro F, Barajas del Prat JJ. Central auditory
function. Auditio. 2021; 2 (2): 31-34. Available in: https://
doi.org/10.51445/sja.auditio.vol2.2003.0025
Bellis TJ, Ferre JM. Multidimensional approach to the
differential diagnosis of central auditory processing
disorders in children. J Am Acad Audiol. 1999; 10: 319-328.
Bellis TJ, Bellis JD. Central auditory processing disorders
in children and adults. Handb Clin Neurol. 2015; 129:
-556. doi: 10.1016/B978-0-444-62630-1.00030-5.
Bartlett K, Kelley E, Purdy J, Stein MT. Auditory
processing disorder: what does it mean and what can
be done? J Dev Behav Pediatr. 2017; 38 (5): 349-351.
doi: 10.1097/DBP.0000000000000450.
Micallef LA. Auditory processing disorder (APD):
progress in diagnostics so far. A mini-review on imaging
techniques. J Int Adv Otol. 2015; 11 (3): 257-2561. doi:
5152/iao.2015.1009.
McCormick R, Atcherson SR, Findlen UM, Wakefield
S, Benafield NJ. (Central) auditory processing disorder
grand rounds: multiple cases, multiple causes, multiple
outcomes. Am J Audiol. 2017; 26 (3): 202-225. Available
in: https://doi.org/10.1044/2017_AJA-16-0074
Mehta Z, Arizona M. The clinical challenge of diagnosing
and managing (central) auditory processing disorders.
[Recuperado en noviembre de 2020] Available
in: https://www.asha.org/documents/2017_con/
Handouts/S##_Mehta_Handout.pdf
Bellis TJ. Assessment and management of central
auditory processing disorders in the educational setting
from science to practice. Canada: Publisher Delmar
Learning; 20011.
Witton C. Childhood auditory processing disorder as a
developmental disorder: the case for a multi-professional
approach to diagnosis and management. Int J Audiol.
; 49 (2): 83-87.
Chermak GD. Deciphering auditory processing disorders
in children. Otolaryngol Clin North Am. 2002; 35 (4): 733-
doi: 10.1016/s0030-6665(02)00056-7.
Musiek FE, Jane AB. The auditory system: Anatomy,
physiology, and clinical correlates. Plural Publishing,
Ferriero D. Neonatal brain injury. N Engl J Med. 2005;
(19): 1985-1995.
Alarcón Prieto MF, Gallo García DF, Rincón Lozada
CF. Prenatal, perinatal and neonatal risks associated
with soft neurological signs. Rev Cubana Pediatr
[Internet]. 2020; 92 (1). Disponible en: http://scielo.
sld.cu/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0034-
&lng=es
Zamarriego J, Arizcun J. Introducción al Simposium
Internacional sobre experiencias y resultados en
Programas de Prevención de la Subnormalidad. Madrid:
Libro de Actas; 1981. pp. 20-41.
Sección de Perinatología de la Asociación Española de
Pediatría. Atención neonatal. Recomendaciones y bases
para una adecuada asistencia. An Esp Pediatr. 1988; 28:
-344.
Grupo de Atención Temprana. Libro Blanco de la
Atención Temprana. Madrid: Ed. Real Patronato de
Prevención y Atención a Personas con Minusvalía.
Documentos 55/2000; 2000.
Bauer CR. Nuevas perspectivas en la evolución de
los recién nacidos de muy bajo peso. En: IV Curso
Internacional de Medicina Perinatal. Pamplona; 1987.
pp. 117-126.
Poo P, Campistol J, Iriondo M. Recién nacido de riesgo
neurológico en el año 2000. Recomendaciones para el
seguimiento, incorporación de nuevos instrumentos. Rev
Neurol. 2000; 31: 645-652.
American Academy of Pediatrics, Joint Committee
on Infant Hearing. Year 2007 position statement:
principles and guidelines for early hearing detection
and intervention programs. Pediatrics. 2007; 120 (4):
-921. doi: 10.1542/peds.2007-2333.
Joint Committee on Infant Hearing Year 2019 position
statement: principles and guidelines for early hearing
detection and intervention programs. J Early Hear
Detect Interv. 2019; 4 (2): 1-44. Available in: https://doi.
org/10.15142/fptk-b748
Connolly JL, Carron JD, Roark SD. Universal newborn
hearing screening: are we achieving the Joint Committee
on Infant Hearing (JCIH) objectives? Laryngoscope.
; 115 (2): 232-236.
Hartley DE, Hill PR, Moore DR. The auditory basis of
language impairments: temporal processing versus
processing efficiency hypotheses. International Congress
Series. 2003; 1254: 215-223. Available in: https://doi.
org/10.1016/S0531-5131(03)01057-4
Ramos Sánchez I. Detección y diagnóstico precoz de los
trastornos del desarrollo psicomotor. Vox Pediátr. 2007;
(1): 36-43.
Abou Zahr C, Wardlaw TM, Choi Y. Maternal mortality
in 2000: estimates developed by WHO, UNICEF and
UNFPA. Geneva: WHO; 2004.
Roméu BS, Saéz Z, Roméu EM. Factores de
riesgo asociados a trastornos en el aprendizaje
escolar: un problema sociomédico. MediSur.
; 8 (4): 30-39 Disponible en: http://scielo.
sld.cu/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1727-
X2010000400006&lng=es.
Roksa J, Kinsley P. The role of family support in
facilitating academic success of low-income students.
Res High Educ. 2019; 60 (4): 415-436. Available in:
https://doi.org/10.1007/s11162-018-9517-z
Bojanini JF, Gómez JG. Resultados obstétricos y
perinatales en adolescentes. Rev Colomb Obstet
Ginecol. 2004; 55 (2): 114-121. Disponible en: http://www.
scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0034-
&lng=en
Torres I, Aguilar CE, Flores EJ et al. Embarazo en
adolescentes, riesgos obstétricos durante el parto
y puerperio inmediato, en el Hospital Leonardo
Martínez Valenzuela. Rev Esp Cienc Salud. 2015;
(2): 29-34.
Ruiz Restrepo IJ, Castro Medina JR. Desórdenes del
procesamiento auditivo. Iatreia. 2006; 19 (4): 369-
Liu L, Oza S, Hogan D, Chu Y, Perin J, Zhu J et al.
Global, regional, and national causes of under-5
mortality in 2000–15: an updated systematic
analysis with implications for the Sustainable
Development Goals. Lancet. 2016; 388 (10063):
-3035. Available in: https://doi.org/10.1016/
S0140-6736(14)61698-6
Church MW, Kaltenbach JA. Hearing, speech,
language, and vestibular disorders in the fetal alcohol
syndrome: a literature review. Alcohol Clin Exp
Res. 1997; 21 (3): 495-512. Available in: https://doi.
org/10.1111/j.1530-0277.1997.tb03796.x
Núñez-Batalla F, Carro-Fernández P, Antuña-León
ME, González-Trelles T. Incidencia de hipoacusia
secundaria a hiperbilirrubinemia en un programa
de cribado auditivo neonatal universal basado en
otoemisiones acústicas y potenciales evocados
auditivos. Acta Otorrinolaringol Esp. 2008; 59 (3):
-113. Disponible en: https://doi.org/10.1016/
S0001-6519(08)73276-X
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2022 Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitación Luis Guillermo Ibarra Ibarra
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
© Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitación Luis Guillermo Ibarra Ibarra under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) license which allows to reproduce and modify the content if appropiate recognition to the original source is given.
