Production of biofilms and antimicrobial resistance of uropathogens isolated from urinary catheters in a physical rehabilitation hospital
Keywords:
Urinary catheters, uropathogens, antimicrobial susceptibility, biofilmsAbstract
ecause uropathogens may develop mechanisms that protect them from antibiotics, such
as antimicrobial resistance and biofilm production. In this study, we determined the biofilm
production and antimicrobial susceptibility profile in 98 uropathogens isolated from urine
cultures obtained from patients with catheter-associated urinary tract infections. The most
frequently cultured uropathogens were Escherichia coli (60%), Enterococcus faecalis (12%),
Pseudomonas aeruginosa (11%), and Klebsiella pneumoniae (7%). Of the uropathogens,
77% produced biofilms, of which 14% did so weakly, and 63% strongly. We found that most
uropathogens had high percentages of resistance to different families of antibiotics, and many
of them produced biofilms at different levels; therefore, it is important to implement prevention strategies to avoid contamination of urinary catheters with this type of uropathogens, as well as avoiding the use of catheters for long periods.
References
Romero-Cullerés G, Planells-Romeo I, Martinez de Salazar-Muñoz P, Conejero-Sugrañes J. Urinary infection in patients with neurogenic bladder: patterns of resistance to the most frequent uropathogens. Actas Urol Esp. 2012; 36 (8): 474-481.
González-Chamorro F, Palacios R, Alcover J, Campos J, Borrego F, Dámaso D. Urinary tract infections and their prevention. Actas Urol Esp. 2012; 36 (1): 48-53.
Nicolle LE. Catheter-associated urinary tract infections. Antimicrob Resist Infect Control. 2014; 3: 23.
Ortega-Peña S, Franco-Cendejas R. Importancia médica del biofilm de Staphylococcus epidermidis en las infecciones de prótesis articular. Invest Discap. 2014; 3 (3): 106-113.
Flores-Mireles AL, Walker JN, Caparon M, Hultgren SJ. Urinary tract infections: epidemiology, mechanisms of infection and treatment options. Nat Rev Microbiol. 2015; 13 (5): 269-284.
Neupane S, Pant ND, Khatiwada S, Chaudhary R, Banjara MR. Correlation between biofilm formation and resistance toward different commonly used antibiotics along with extended spectrum beta lactamase production in uropathogenic Escherichia coli isolated from the patients suspected of urinary tract infections visiting Shree Birendra Hospital, Chhauni, Kathmandu, Nepal. Antimicrob Resist Infect Control. 2016; 5: 5.
Mishra SK, Basukala P, Basukala O, Parajuli K, Pokhrel BM, Rijal BP. Detection of biofilm production and antibiotic resistance pattern in clinical isolates from indwelling medical devices. Curr Microbiol. 2015; 70 (1): 128-134.
Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute. Performance for antimicrobial susceptibility testing; twenty-fifth informational supplement. CLSI document M100-S25. Wayne: Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute; 2016.
Christensen GD, Simpson WA, Younger JJ, Baddour LM, Barrett FF, Melton DM et al. Adherence of coagulase- negative staphylococci to plastic tissue culture plates: a quantitative model for the adherence of staphylococci to medical devices. J Clin Microbiol. 1985; 22 (6): 996- 1006.
Stepanović S, Vuković D, Hola V, Di Bonaventura G, Djukić S, Cirković I et al. Quantification of biofilm in microtiter plates: overview of testing conditions and practical recommendations for assessment of biofilm production by staphylococci. APMIS. 2007; 115 (8): 891-899.
Sánchez-de Badajoz E, Sánchez-Gallegos P. The challenge of urinary tract infections. Actas Urol Esp. 2014; 38 (10): 631-632.
Páramo-Rivas F, Tovar-Serrano A, Rendón-Macías ME. Resistencia antimicrobiana en pacientes con infección de vías urinarias hospitalizados en el servicio de Medicina Interna del Nuevo Sanatorio Durango, de enero a diciembre de 2013. Med Int Mex. 2015; 31 (1):34-40.
Andrade SS, Sader HS, Jones RN, Pereira AS, Pignatari AC, Gales AC. Increased resistance to first-line agents among bacterial pathogens isolated from urinary tract infections in Latin America: time for local guidelines? Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz. 2006; 101 (7): 741-748.
Marston HD, Dixon DM, Knisely JM, Palmore TN, Fauci AS. Antimicrobial resistance. JAMA. 2016; 316 (11): 1193-1204.
Niveditha S, Pramodhini S, Umadevi S, Kumar S, Stephen S. The isolation and the biofilm formation of uropathogens in the patients with catheter-associated urinary tract infections (UTIs). J Clin Diagn Res. 2012; 6 (9): 1478-1482.
Subramanian P, Shanmugam N, Sivaraman U, Kumar S, Selvaraj S. Antiobiotic resistance pattern of biofilm- forming uropathogens isolated from catheterised patients in Pondicherry, India. Australas Med J. 2012; 5 (7): 344-348.
Hassan A, Usman J, Kaleem F, Omair M, Khalid A, Iqbal M. Evaluation of different detection methods of biofilm
formation in the clinical isolates. Braz J Infect Dis. 2011;
(4): 305-311.
Bales PM, Renke EM, May SL, Shen Y, Nelson
DC. Purification and characterization of biofilm- associated EPS exopolysaccharides from ESKAPE organisms and other pathogens. PLoS One. 2013; 8 (6): e67950.
Mann EE, Wozniak DJ. Pseudomonas biofilm matrix composition and niche biology. FEMS Microbiol Rev. 2012; 36 (4): 893-916.
Falagas ME, Vouloumanou EK, Samonis G, Vardakas KZ. Fosfomycin. Clin Microbiol Rev. 2016; 29 (2): 321-347.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2017 Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitación Luis Guillermo Ibarra Ibarra
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
© Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitación Luis Guillermo Ibarra Ibarra under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) license which allows to reproduce and modify the content if appropiate recognition to the original source is given.
